Metallic silver nanoparticles have been reduced from silver nitrate by employing the extracellular enzymatic machinery of edible White button Mushroom (Agaricus bisporus). The physical properties of these particles, size and shapes have been determined using techniques like TEM, FTIR and XRD and were reported in our earlier report. But, what stands of paramount importance in the present context is the ability of these nanoparticles to successfully combat and nullify the pathogenic fungal strains affecting crop plants. Our study has shown that these silver nanoparticles are successful antifungal agents and can replace the conventional antifungal synthetic chemicals as we tested their efficacy against different rot causative fungi in ground nut. The experimental pathogenic fungi include Stem rot causing diseases Sclerotium rolfsii, Dry root rot causing Rhizoctonia bataticola, Collar rot causing Aspergillus niger in agricultural plants.

The arrangement of silver doped iron oxide nanoparticles (Ag-Fe2O3 NPs) through the exploitation of Prosopis fracta leaf extract was successfully performed in this work, which was proceeded by configuring the produced NPs by the outcomes of Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Field Energy Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Raman, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), and Vibrating-Sample Magnetometer (VSM) procedures. Apparently, the observed spherical particulates contained a size of 50-60 nm, while exhibiting antimicrobial performances towards Streptococcus mutans bacteria and Candida albicans fungi. They also seemed to possess potential antibacterial and anti-fungi properties at the volumes of 10 and 75 μg/mL, respectively, and thus, a viable proposal can be made regarding our synthesized product as a suitable option for dental and oral implementations. In addition, this biosynthesis method can be a suitable option for the synthesis of nanoparticles due to advantages such as cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, and no use of chemical solvents.

Introduction: Today, the resistance of pathogens to antibiotics, as well as the side effects of chemical drugs, have led to our increasing use of medicinal plants. So, our purpose was to investigate the antibacterial and antifungal effects of leaves and flowers’,methanolic extracts of Lantana camara L. Methods: Iran’, s National Botanical Garden (Tehran, Iran) provided the plant, whose leaves and flowers’,methanolic extracts were prepared by the percolation method. The antimicrobial activity was measured by the disc-diffusion method against some bacteria (gram-negative and gram-positive), as well as fungi. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by the serial dilution method and determining the diameter of the growth inhibition zone. Data were analyzed by Duncan test, and P < 0. 05 was designated as the significance level. Results: The results confirmed that the extracts had antimicrobial activities against the microorganisms tested with more potent activity against gram-positive bacteria, gramnegative bacteria, and then fungi, respectively. Antimicrobial activity increased with rising the concentration of the extracts. The extracts of leaves and flowers showed comparable antimicrobial activity (P > 0. 05). Staphylococcus aureus showed the highest sensitivity at the 50% concentration of the leave and flower extracts (29. 66 ±,1. 15 and 30. 33 ±,0. 66, respectively), and Escherichia coli showed the least sensitivity at the 6. 25 % concentration of the leave and flower extracts (2. 66 ±,0. 88 and 1. 00 ±,1. 15, respectively). The most potent antifungal activity was seen against Candida albicans at the 50% concentration of the leave extract (14. 00 ±,0. 45), and the lowest antifungal activity was seen against Aspergillus niger at the 12. 25% concentration of the flower extract (1. 33 ±,0. 66). Conclusion: Lantana camara leaves and flowers’,extracts showed potential to be used as antimicrobial agents against bacterial and fungal infections.